Statistical modeling of spatial and temporal vulnerability of groundwater level in the Gaza Strip (Palestine)

Abstract The water supply in the Gaza Strip substantially depends on groundwater resource of coastal aquifer. climate changes and over-exploiting processes negatively impact recovery balance. variability is characterized by decline precipitation −5.2% an increase temperature +1 °C timeframe 2020–2040. potential evaporation sunshine period are expected to about 111 mm 5 hours, respectively, during next 20 years. However, atmosphere predicted be drier where relative humidity will fall a trend −8% abstraction 55% 2040. response level change pumping was evaluated using model 20-neuron ANN with performance correlation coefficient (r)=0.95–0.99 root mean square error (RMSE)=0.09–0.21. Nowadays, reveals that ranges between −0.38 −18.5 m 2040 it reach −1.13 −28 below MSL at northern southern governorates Strip, respectively.